RESUMO
Abstract Introduction The bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA) is a bone conduction system that transmits the sound directly to the inner ear by surpassing the skin impedance and the subcutaneous tissue. It is indicated for patients with mixed, conductive and unilateral sensorineural hearing loss who did not benefit from conventional hearing aids (HAs). Although the benefits from BAHA are well demonstrated internationally, this field still lacks studies in Brazil. Objective To assess the auditory rehabilitation process in BAHA users through audiological, speech perception and tinnitus aspects. Methods Individuals with hearing loss were assessed before and after the implantation. The participants were subjected to pure tone audiometry in free field, functional gain audiometry, speech perception tests, tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) in open format, and to the visual analog scale (VAS). Results It was found that the participants benefited from the use of BAHA. The difference in the performance of the participants before and after the BAHA surgery was significant in terms of hearing acuity. There was no statistically significant difference in the speech perception tests. The tinnitus assessment showed that 80% of the participants scored slight tinnitus severity in THI after using a BAHA. Eighty percent of the participants classified their tinnitus as absent tomild in the VAS after the surgery. Conclusion Based on the results of the current study, we can conclude that the participants improved both the auditory perception and the tinnitus handicap. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Condução Óssea , Perda Auditiva Condutiva-Neurossensorial Mista/reabilitação , Auxiliares de Audição , Audiometria da Fala , Percepção da Fala , Zumbido/diagnóstico , Escala Visual Analógica , Testes AuditivosRESUMO
Introducción: El envejecimiento en Cuba constituye el principal problema demográfico y la Hipoacusia es una de las condiciones crónicas más frecuentes en los adultos mayores. Objetivo: Describir las características clínico-epidemiológicas de los pacientes de la tercera edad con Hipoacusia atendidos en el Hospital Universitario General Calixto García en el período de septiembre de 2015 hasta septiembre de 2016. Material y Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal en el Hospital Universitario General Calixto García durante el período de septiembre de 2015 hasta septiembre de 2016. La población (N) estuvo constituida por 387 pacientes de la tercera edad, quienes asistieron a consulta en el período estudiado. Resultados: Predominó la Hipoacusia en los pacientes con edades entre 65 y 79 años (67,2 por ciento) y el sexo masculino fue el más afectado con esta discapacidad (69,5 por ciento). La Hipoacusia en el anciano se asoció con frecuencia a otras afecciones crónicas como las enfermedades cardiovasculares. La Presbiacusia o Hipoacusia asociada a la edad fue la causa más frecuente de sordera. Conclusiones: La Hipoacusia resultó ser una discapacidad frecuente en los pacientes masculinos de la tercera edad. La misma estuvo asociada a enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles. Las perdidas auditivas neurosensoriales y mixtas, de moderada y severa intensidad, fueron las más frecuentemente encontradas en la audiometría tonal(AU)
Introduction: Aging constitutes the main demographic problem in Cuba, and hearing loss is one of the most frequent chronic conditions in older adults. Objective: To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of elderly patients with hearing loss, treated in Calixto Gracía University Hospital during the period from September 2015 to September 2016. Material and Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Calixto Garcia University Hospital during the period from September 2015 to September 2016. The population (N) was composed of 387 elderly patients, who went to the doctor´s office during the period under study. Results: Hearing loss predominated in patients aged from 65 to 79 years (67,2 percent), and the male sex was the most affected by this disability (69,5 percent). Hearing loss in the elderly was frequently associated with other chronic conditions such as cardiovascular diseases. Age-related hearing loss (Presbycusis) or hearing loss associated with age was the most frequent cause of deafness. Conclusions: Hearing loss was a frequent disability in male elderly patients. It was associated with non-communicable chronic diseases. Sensorineural and mixed hearing losses of moderate and severe intensity were the most frequent ones found in the tonal audiometry(AU)